Which act is known as the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act?

The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act, commonly referred to as HIPAA, is a crucial piece of legislation in the healthcare field. Enacted in 1996, HIPAA primarily aims to protect the privacy and security of patients' medical information. It established national standards for the protection of health information and provides patients with rights over their own health data, including the right to access their medical records and request corrections.

This act is essential for ensuring that healthcare providers, insurers, and their business associates maintain the confidentiality of protected health information (PHI). It also sets rules and limits on who can view and receive health information, introducing administrative safeguards that healthcare organizations must implement to protect data.

The other options refer to different pieces of legislation that serve various purposes in healthcare and related fields but do not specifically focus on the portability and protection of health information as HIPAA does.