What is the medical term describing substances that help control nausea and vomiting?

The term "antiemetic" specifically refers to substances that are used to prevent or alleviate nausea and vomiting. These medications work by affecting the brain's signals that trigger the vomiting reflex or by influencing the gastrointestinal tract. Common examples of antiemetics include ondansetron and metoclopramide, which are often prescribed for nausea related to surgery, chemotherapy, or motion sickness.

In contrast, antitussives are agents that suppress coughing, anticonvulsants are used to control seizures, and analgesics are medications that relieve pain. Each of these terms pertains to different therapeutic areas and is used for distinct medical conditions, further emphasizing the unique role of antiemetics in managing nausea and vomiting. Understanding this distinction is crucial for effective patient care and medication management in pharmacy practice.